ABSTRACT
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most frequent presentation to gynecology OPD. AUB is a common but complicated clinical presentation and occurs in 15-20% of women between menarche to menopause and significantly affects the women’s health. Thyroid disorders are more common in women than in men and cause abnormal sexual development, menstrual irregularity, infertility and premature menopause. Objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in women in reproductive age group with AUB.Methods: A hospital based prospective cross sectional observational study was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynecology, Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer and Medical Center and Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospital at Narayana Health City, Bangalore with abnormal uterine bleeding during the period of 2 years (December 2015 to November 2017), total 153 patients were included in the study. All women with AUB in reproductive age group were included. Diagnosed cases of ovarian cyst, uterine fibroid, polyp, adenomyosis, endometriosis and malignant (endometrial and cervical) tumors were excluded. Women who are on drugs or hormone therapy (for past 3 months. IUCD users/oral contraceptives pill user. Patients with known case of thyroid disorder, carcinoma thyroid patients with history of coagulation disorder, liver disorder, renal disorder, tuberculosis.Results: A total N=115 (75.2%) of patients who took part in this study had euthyroid status. The estimated prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 24.9%. Out of which n=22 (14.4%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, n=14 (9.2%) had overt hypothyroidism, n=2 (1.3%) had hyperthyroidism. The most common thyroid dysfunction amongst the study group was noted to be subclinical hypothyroidism (14.4%).Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of thyroid disorders in cases which are clinically diagnosed as AUB. TSH is most sensitive test in detecting thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical cases need to be treated. Hence thyroid function evaluation should be made mandatory in cases of AUB to detect thyroid dysfunction.
ABSTRACT
To measure QoL outcome in post LASIK Aviators using the Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire. Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, cross-sectional study was carried out from Oct 2016 to Dec 2017. . The study included actively flying Indian pilots of both sexes, reporting for the annual medical fitness certification. QIRC which consists of 20 questions scored on 5 category response scale, is self-administered. Aviators were asked to rate on 5 point scale of agreement. Response was converted to Rasch weighted scores to give a true measure of refractive error related QoL. Results: This hospital based study was conducted on 39 Pilots who were administered Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire. 20 pilots were from civil airline pilots and 7 were Army Aviation and 2 were IAF pilot of transport stream. There were 3 female pilots all from the civil transport stream. Mean age 27.2 yrs ± 4.5 (21 to 37 yrs) who had myopia of more than- 0.50 D, ranging from -.75D TO 6.5 D before undergoing the refractive surgery procedure. Prior to surgery predominantly i.e.26 patients (66.6%) were spectacle wearer, 10 (25.6%) were contact lens wearer, 3 patients (7.69%) were not using any means of correction. All the patients were Post Lasik status of more than 1 year. This study showed a large improvement in QoL in the majority of patients after refractive surgery (PRK & LASIK). These large improvements are consistent with results in conventionally validated previous reports of refractive error related QoL as a result of surgery. In the POST LASIK study group spectacle correction was being used by 36% of patients with power ranging from –0.50D to – 1.50 D SE. Conclusion: LASIK is an excellent alternative to glasses or contact lens use, being associated with high degree of patient’s satisfaction. While LASIK is not without risks, these results are quite reassuring for all pilots thinking of this procedure. Laser system for vision correction like aircraft are continually being enhanced, improved and upgraded. We should embrace the technology and offer the best currently available to the aviators.
ABSTRACT
Background: The cornea is an important ocular structure involved in the mediation of visual perception. It is the principal refractive surface of the eye and vision can be significantly affected by relatively small changes in its structure and parameters. Measurement of corneal parameters is important in the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma Methods: This study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology in ACMS medical college Delhi. Results: This study showed, height and AL has a positive correlation with a value of +.119, and with weight AL has a weak positive correlation (+.035). CCT has a positive correlation with age (+0.044) but was found to have nil correlation with sex. Conclusion: This study was conclude that, no significant difference in mean CCT and AL was found between male and female subjects.
ABSTRACT
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Currently 2.5-3 million people worldwide are blind due to AMD. Objective:- This study were to use of anti-angiogenic drug in the treatment for age related macular degeneration. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among patients attending Eye OPD of a tertiary care eye center. Results: 25 patients were included in this study . Among the 25 patients 15 were male & 10 were female. Mean visual acuity (VA) in this study improved from 5/60 to 6/36 during follow up. This was statistically significant (P <0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that IVB (1.25 mg) is well tolerated and associated with stabilization or improvement in visual acuity, decreased central macular thickness (CMT) by ocular coherence tomography (OCT), and reduction in angiographic leakage associated with neovascular AMD.